The field of logistics has made numerous advances until today. The transportation sector experienced the most important of these developments. Nations use different modes of transport to deliver their cargo quickly and safely. The size, weight, volume of the countries and the type of cargo are important considerations when choosing the appropriate mode of transport.
Not all goods can be transported by land, sea, air or rail. Also, not all cargo can be transported by water, land or air. In this context, we talked at length about the various forms and qualities of transportation. But first, let's briefly talk about what logistics is.
A general definition of logistics would be the management of the entire process from the point of origin to the final destination of the cargo. The most common mistake in logistics is the assumption that it is only about transportation. But logistics includes every step the goods take to reach their final destination. Logistics cargo transportation is a very comprehensive procedure that includes organizing the transit stage of the cargo, managing the cargo and storing the cargo. The main purpose of logistics can be defined as the delivery of products or products to their destinations as quickly and efficiently as possible. There are 5 basic transportation processes in logistics. Road, sea, air, rail and pipeline transportation are some of these transportation types. Let's go into more detail about these different modes of transportation.
Today, road transport is highly preferred and handles the majority of logistics operations. If we have to define road transport, it is the movement of a load from one location to another along a road network. Road vehicles are advancing this process. Road transport is divided into two categories in itself. If a local journey is planned, it is referred to as a domestic road journey; If an international trip is planned, it is referred to as an international road trip.
The main factor favoring road transport over other integrated transport modes is why it plays an important role in logistics procedures. Let's briefly define multimodal transport. Managing the logistics process using two or more different modes of transport is known as combined transport. For example, loading the cargo into a wagon at the point of origin and then loading it into a road transport vehicle at the destination is an example of integrated transport. Road transport often plays an important role in integrated transport. What are the benefits of road transport then?
The high preference of road transport is due to the many benefits it provides in logistics processes. Let us briefly explain these benefits to you.
First of all, determining alternative routes is the biggest advantage of road transport. It is possible to create alternative routes to get the cargo there as quickly and safely as possible. The development of other routes ensures that the logistics process is global.
Another important benefit of using the road for transportation is time savings. The main purpose of road logistics is to transport items to their destination as soon as possible, thus saving time to determine both alternative routes.
We mentioned that road logistics is often used as a combined mode of transport. This is because it has the ability to travel anywhere with the road system. Therefore, we can say that road transport implements a door-to-door logistics strategy.
Compared to other modes of transport, the operational procedures of road transport are progressing quite rapidly. We have stated that the main purpose of road transport is to deliver the cargo to its final destination as quickly as possible. In this environment, operation processes are likewise fast. However, the fact that operating processes are fast does not mean that they are not complete.
Thanks to the door-to-door logistics approach, it becomes almost impossible for the products to encounter a negative situation.
We can define maritime transport as the type of transport that provides the most reliable and fastest way of trade between ports over water. Since maritime transportation is carried out in the seas, transportation is done by sea vehicles. The transport volume of maritime transport is quite high. Thanks to its high transportation volume, it provides the opportunity to make logistics at affordable prices. In addition, the loads that need to be transported over very long distances need to be transported with the help of sea transportation. Thanks to maritime transport, both sensitive and dangerous cargoes are transported.
Maritime transport is the most reliable type of international transport. It ensures that cargoes reach their destination from the exit point to their destination safely by sea.
The two most important reasons for preferring maritime transportation are price advantage and high volume goods transportation. Since the goods with a large volume are transported, the price is quite low compared to other types of transportation.
Sea transport is divided into 2. These; It is irregular (Tramp) transport and regular (Liner) transport.
In irregular (Tramp) transports, the transport is carried out with loads that will fill the entire ship. In other words, cargoes such as oil and timber with high volume are transported more. Here the vessel must be almost or completely filled to move.
In normal (Liner) transports, the important thing is never the load. The most important thing here is service. It is ensured that the cargo reaches its destination quickly and safely from the exit point. In this context, the ship is not expected to be completely filled. The ship, whose time has come, sets out to complete the logistics operation.
Compared to other means of transport, air transport aims to deliver the cargo as soon as possible. Cargo transported by air reaches its destination faster as it is much faster than other types of transport. In most cases, air freight aims to deliver the cargo the next day. The use of airplanes for passenger transport prevents the cost from being as high as is commonly believed. Low volume cargoes are transported by passenger planes. If you have large, volumetric cargo, cargo planes can be used for transportation.
In addition, valuables, hazardous materials and precious metals can all be transported by air. Given that loads are now in a special load class, carrying them requires more care than carrying normal weights. This ensures both fast and safe transportation. The benefits of using air are many. Let's talk briefly about these benefits.
The advantages of air transport are as follows.
The most important advantage of air transport is undoubtedly speed. Thanks to air transport, where cargoes reach their destination very quickly from the departure point, the materials that need to be delivered urgently and that may perish are included in the logistics process.
We mentioned that it allows the transport of small volumes of cargo. So what kind of advantage does this provide? It is not safe to transport small volumes of cargo in other modes of transport. As it is combined with high volume cargoes, adverse situations may occur, but it is possible to transport even the smallest cargoes by air.
Since there are special cargo and customs clearance processes for air transport, these processes are solved very quickly compared to other types of transport. This situation accelerates the already fast air transportation even more.
The route is not known and the route can be extended to ensure that the product reaches its destination as soon as possible. In this way, the delivery date is adhered to.
Rail transport is the movement of goods by railcars along rails from a point of origin to a point of destination. It has the ability to reach endpoints spread along the railroad. Rail transport has been around for a long time and offers a financial advantage with low maintenance and investment expenditures.
Developed countries attach great importance to rail transport. Currently, industrialized countries are integrated with rail transport to save time and money. Road transport carries out a large part of combined transport. This is how the idea of house-to-house logistics was completed.
The environmental friendliness of rail travel is an important additional benefit. The most environmentally friendly means of transportation is the railway.
WhatsApp
